Views: 1 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2024-04-15 Origin: Site
With the gradual maturity of lithium battery technology, lithium batteries in the market are mainly divided into two categories based on the differences in battery application scenarios: power batteries and energy storage batteries. So what are the power battery and energy storage battery respectively? What are the differences in their application areas?
Power batteries refer to power batteries with high capacitance and output power, which provide power sources for tools. They are commonly used in two wheeled vehicle series, three wheeled vehicle series, golf carts, high and low voltage forklifts, robot types, etc., to provide power for lithium batteries. At present, the main source of power for new energy vehicles in the market is also power batteries.
Energy storage battery is a type of battery that can convert chemical energy into electrical energy and store it. Energy storage batteries are commonly used in household energy storage, solar energy, wind power generation equipment power stations, portable power sources, communication base stations, lithium battery packs for renewable energy conservation, and batteries for renewable energy conservation. With the popularization of solar energy, wind power, and other technologies, many households and base stations have adopted energy storage batteries to store and use electricity.
At present, the commonly used batteries in the market are mainly lithium batteries, with similarities and differences. In terms of economy and safety, the mainstream battery types are mostly lithium iron phosphate, while power batteries are mostly lithium iron phosphate and ternary lithium. With the energy density issue of lithium iron phosphate batteries, they will dominate the market in the future.
As mentioned earlier, power batteries are lithium-ion batteries used to provide power, which have high energy requirements. Power batteries are affected by factors such as vehicle size, weight limitations, and starting acceleration, making them unable to carry large amounts of weight. Therefore, the energy density of batteries has become an important factor in distinguishing power batteries from most energy sources. Power batteries have a high energy density, making them more suitable for scenarios where large energy can be achieved with a small volume.
The commonly used power batteries in the market have a lifespan of approximately 1200 charge and discharge cycles for ternary lithium batteries, and around 3000 cycles for lithium iron phosphate batteries. Calculated based on the number of uses completed in three days, the lifespan of lithium batteries is ten years; Compared to power batteries, energy storage batteries charge and discharge more frequently. Under the same 10-year lifespan, the cycle life of lithium batteries has higher requirements for energy storage. The cycle life of lithium battery energy storage requires 3500 to 5000 charging/discharging cycles.
In energy storage battery systems, the composition of energy storage batteries accounts for 60%, the cost of battery inverters accounts for 20%, the energy management system (EMS) accounts for 10%, and the battery management system (BMS) accounts for 5%. If it is a household, photovoltaic panels may be needed to build an off grid system, and so on. The cost of battery cells alone accounts for up to 80% of the total cost of power batteries, with the remaining 20% being battery management systems, structural components, auxiliary materials, etc.
The application fields are different, as mentioned at the beginning of the article. On the other hand, power batteries in the market often require customization without clear fixed parameters, which can be changed according to customer needs. Due to different usage scenarios, there are different requirements for battery voltage, capacity, peak current, size, series parallel connection, communication methods, etc. to meet the needs of product development. Therefore, lithium battery customization services are needed; However, energy storage batteries are different. For commonly used application scenarios such as home energy storage, one can basically find their corresponding products on the market, including inverters, off grid systems, photovoltaic panels, and other components. Of course, they can meet user needs and energy storage, and can also be customized in some special scenarios, but relatively less.
This is Pronewenergy's insight into the difference between energy storage batteries and power batteries in lithium battery manufacturing. For lithium-ion batteries used for energy storage, most energy storage devices do not need to be moved, so there is no direct requirement for energy density in lithium-ion batteries used for energy storage. Different energy storage scenarios have different requirements for power density. Used for user side power peak shaving, off grid photovoltaic energy storage, or peak valley energy storage scenarios. In summary, there are certain differences between power batteries and energy storage batteries in terms of battery structure, chemical reactions, performance indicators, and application fields. Power batteries mainly provide power for electric vehicles, focusing on power density and charge discharge rate; Energy storage batteries are mainly used to store electrical energy and release it when needed, focusing on energy density and capacity.
